As soon as you complete the sign up process, we will start
working on dismissing your traffic ticket. One of our
associates will contact you if we need any additional
information.
traffic ticket, DO NOT WAIT SIGN UP NOW to give us as
much time as possible to collect all the necessary
information and prepare a winning document for you.
The California Vehicle Code sections that are relevant to
red light tickets are listed below:
control signals showing different colored lights, color-
lighted arrows, or color-lighted bicycle symbols,
successively, one at a time, or in combination, only the
colors green, yellow, and red shall be used, except for
pedestrian control signals, and those lights shall indicate
and apply to drivers of vehicles, operators of bicycles, and
pedestrians as provided in this chapter.
control signal, as specified in Section 445, that displays
one or more of its indications in response to the presence
of traffic detected by mechanical, visual, electrical, or other
means.
(b) Upon the first placement of a traffic-actuated signal or
replacement of the loop detector of a traffic-actuated
signal, the traffic-actuated signal shall, to the extent
feasible and in conformance with professional traffic
engineering practice, be installed and maintained so as to
detect lawful bicycle or motorcycle traffic on the roadway.
(c) Cities, counties, and cities and counties shall not be
required to comply with the provisions contained in
subdivision (b) until the Department of Transportation, in
consultation with these entities, has established uniform
standards, specifications, and guidelines for the detection
of bicycles and motorcycles by traffic-actuated signals and
related signal timing.
(d) This section shall remain in effect only until January 1,
2018, and as of that date is repealed, unless a later
enacted statute, that is enacted before January 1, 2018,
deletes or extends that date.
proceed straight through or turn right or left or make a U-
turn unless a sign prohibits a U-turn. Any driver, including
one turning, shall yield the right-of-way to other traffic and
to pedestrians lawfully within the intersection or an
adjacent crosswalk.
(b) A driver facing a green arrow signal, shown alone or in
combination with another indication, shall enter the
intersection only to make the movement indicated by that
green arrow or any other movement that is permitted by
other indications shown at the same time. A driver facing
a left green arrow may also make a U-turn unless
prohibited by a sign. A driver shall yield the right-of-way
to other traffic and to pedestrians lawfully within the
intersection or an adjacent crosswalk.
(c) A pedestrian facing a circular green signal, unless
prohibited by sign or otherwise directed by a pedestrian
control signal as provided in Section 21456, may proceed
across the roadway within any marked or unmarked
crosswalk, but shall yield the right-of-way to vehicles
lawfully within the intersection at the time that signal is
first shown.
(d) A pedestrian facing a green arrow turn signal, unless
otherwise directed by a pedestrian control signal as
provided in Section 21456, shall not enter the roadway.
yellow arrow signal is, by that signal, warned that the
related green movement is ending or that a red indication
will be shown immediately thereafter.
(b) A pedestrian facing a steady circular yellow or a yellow
arrow signal, unless otherwise directed by a pedestrian
control signal as provided in Section 21456, is, by that
signal, warned that there is insufficient time to cross the
roadway and shall not enter the roadway.
alone shall stop at a marked limit line, but if none, before
entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection
or, if none, then before entering the intersection, and shall
remain stopped until an indication to proceed is shown,
except as provided in subdivision (b).
(b) Except when a sign is in place prohibiting a turn, a
driver, after stopping as required by subdivision (a), facing
a steady circular red signal, may turn right, or turn left
from a one-way street onto a one-way street. A driver
making that turn shall yield the right-of-way to pedestrians
lawfully within an adjacent crosswalk and to any vehicle
that has approached or is approaching so closely as to
constitute an immediate hazard to the driver, and shall
continue to yield the right-of-way to that vehicle until the
driver can proceed with reasonable safety.
(c) A driver facing a steady red arrow signal shall not enter
the intersection to make the movement indicated by the
arrow and, unless entering the intersection to make a
movement permitted by another signal, shall stop at a
clearly marked limit line, but if none, before entering the
crosswalk on the near side of the intersection, or if none,
then before entering the intersection, and shall remain
stopped until an indication permitting movement is shown.
(d) Unless otherwise directed by a pedestrian control signal
as provided in Section 21456, a pedestrian facing a steady
circular red or red arrow signal shall not enter the roadway.
individual lanes, those signals shall indicate and apply to
drivers of vehicles as follows:
(a) Green indication: A driver may travel in any lane over
which a green signal is shown.
(b) Steady yellow indication: A driver is thereby warned
that a lane control change is being made.
(c) Steady red indication: A driver shall not enter or travel
in any lane over which a red signal is shown.
(d) Flashing yellow indication: A driver may use the lane
only for the purpose of making a left turn to or from the
highway.
and maintained at a place other than an intersection, the
provisions of this article shall be applicable except those
provisions which by their nature can have no application.
Any stop required shall be made at a sign or crosswalk or
limit line indicating where the stop shall be made, but in
the absence of any such sign or marking the stop shall be
made at the signal.
designated in Section 21455, where a driver is required to
stop, may be equipped with an automated enforcement
system if the governmental agency utilizing the system
meets all of the following requirements:
system's presence and are visible to traffic approaching
from all directions, or posts signs at all major entrances to
the city, including, at a minimum, freeways, bridges, and
state highway routes.
that the system meets the criteria specified in Section
21455.7.
(b) Prior to issuing citations under this section, a local
jurisdiction utilizing an automated traffic enforcement
system shall commence a program to issue only warning
notices for 30 days. The local jurisdiction shall also make a
public announcement of the automated traffic enforcement
system at least 30 days prior to the commencement of the
enforcement program.
(c) Only a governmental agency, in cooperation with a law
enforcement agency, may operate an automated
enforcement system. As used in this subdivision, "operate"
includes all of the following activities:
(1) Developing uniform guidelines for screening and issuing
violations and for the processing and storage of confidential
information, and establishing procedures to ensure
compliance with those guidelines.
(2) Performing administrative functions and day-to-day
functions, including, but not limited to, all of the following:
(A) Establishing guidelines for selection of location.
(B) Ensuring that the equipment is regularly inspected.
(C) Certifying that the equipment is properly installed and
calibrated, and is operating properly.
(D) Regularly inspecting and maintaining warning signs
placed under paragraph (1) of subdivision (a).
(E) Overseeing the establishment or change of signal
phases and the timing thereof.
(F) Maintaining controls necessary to assure that only
those citations that have been reviewed and approved by
law enforcement are delivered to violators.
(d) The activities listed in subdivision (c) that relate to the
operation of the system may be contracted out by the
governmental agency, if it maintains overall control and
supervision of the system. However, the activities listed in
paragraph (1) of, and subparagraphs (A), (D), (E), and (F)
of paragraph (2) of, subdivision (c) may not be contracted
out to the manufacturer or supplier of the automated
enforcement system.
(e) (1) Notwithstanding Section 6253 of the Government
Code, or any other provision of law, photographic records
made by an automated enforcement system shall be
confidential, and shall be made available only to
governmental agencies and law enforcement agencies and
only for the purposes of this article.
(2) Confidential information obtained from the Department
of Motor Vehicles for the administration or enforcement of
this article shall be held confidential, and may not be used
for any other purpose.
(3) Except for court records described in Section 68152 of
the Government Code, the confidential records and
information described in paragraphs (1) and (2) may be
retained for up to six months from the date the information
was first obtained, or until final disposition of the citation,
whichever date is later, after which time the information
shall be destroyed in a manner that will preserve the
confidentiality of any person included in the record or
information.
(f) Notwithstanding subdivision (d), the registered owner or
any individual identified by the registered owner as the
driver of the vehicle at the time of the alleged violation
shall be permitted to review the photographic evidence of
the alleged violation.
(g) (1) A contract between a governmental agency and a
manufacturer or supplier of automated enforcement
equipment may not include provision for the payment or
compensation to the manufacturer or supplier based on the
number of citations generated, or as a percentage of the
revenue generated, as a result of the use of the equipment
authorized under this section.
(2) Paragraph (1) does not apply to a contract that was
entered into by a governmental agency and a
manufacturer or supplier of automated enforcement
equipment before January 1, 2004, unless that contract is
renewed, extended, or amended on or after January 1,
shall conduct a public hearing on the proposed use of an
automated enforcement system authorized under Section
21455.5 prior to authorizing the city or county to enter
into a contract for the use of the system.
(b) (1) The activities listed in subdivision (c) of Section
21455.5 that relate to the operation of an automated
enforcement system may be contracted out by the city or
county, except that the activities listed in paragraph (1) of,
and sub paragraphs (A), (D),
(E), or (F) of paragraph (2) of, subdivision (c) of Section
21455.5 may not be contracted out to the manufacturer or
supplier of the automated enforcement system.
(2) Paragraph (1) does not apply to a contract that was
entered into by a city or county and a manufacturer or
supplier of automated enforcement equipment before
January 1, 2004, unless that contract is renewed,
extended, or amended on or after January 1, 2004.
(c) The authorization in Section 21455.5 to use automated
enforcement systems does not authorize the use of photo
radar for speed enforcement purposes by any jurisdiction.
automated enforcement system in operation, the minimum
yellow light change interval shall be established in
accordance with the Traffic Manual of the Department of
Transportation.
(b) For purposes of subdivision (a), the minimum yellow
light change intervals relating to designated approach
speeds provided in the Traffic Manual of the Department of
Transportation are mandatory minimum yellow light
intervals.
(c) A yellow light change interval may exceed the minimum
interval established pursuant to subdivision (a).
words "WALK" or "WAIT" or "DON'T WALK" or other
approved symbol is in place, the signal shall indicate as
follows:
(a) "WALK" or approved "Walking Person" symbol. A
pedestrian facing the signal may proceed across the
roadway in the direction of the signal, but shall yield the
right-of-way to vehicles lawfully within the intersection at
the time that signal is first shown.
(b) Flashing or steady "DON'T WALK" or "WAIT" or
approved "Upraised Hand" symbol. No pedestrian shall
start to cross the roadway in the direction of the signal, but
any pedestrian who has partially completed crossing shall
proceed to a sidewalk or safety zone or otherwise leave the
roadway while the "WAIT" or "DON'T WALK" or approved
"Upraised Hand" symbol is showing.
exhibiting an approved "Walking Person" symbol, an
approved "Upraised Hand" symbol, or the words "WALK" or
"WAIT" or "DON'T WALK" is shown concurrently with official
traffic control signals exhibiting the words "GO" or
"CAUTION" or "STOP" or exhibiting different colored lights
successively, one at a time or with arrows, a pedestrian
facing those traffic control signals shall obey the "Walking
Person," "Upraised Hand," "WALK" or "WAIT" or "DON'T
WALK" control signal as provided in Section 21456.
as provided in Section 21456.3, an operator of a bicycle
shall obey the provisions of this article applicable to the
driver of a vehicle.
(b) Whenever an official traffic control signal exhibiting
different colored bicycle symbols is shown concurrently
with official traffic control signals exhibiting different
colored lights or arrows, an operator of a bicycle facing
those traffic control signals shall obey the bicycle signals as
provided in Section 21456.3.
signal shall proceed straight through or turn right or left or
make a U-turn unless a sign prohibits a U-turn. An
operator of a bicycle, including one turning, shall yield the
right-of-way to other traffic and to pedestrians lawfully
within the intersection or an adjacent crosswalk.
(b) An operator of a bicycle facing a steady yellow bicycle
signal is, by that signal, warned that the related green
movement is ending or that a red indication will be shown
immediately thereafter.
(c) Except as provided in subdivision (d), an operator of a
bicycle facing a steady red bicycle signal shall stop at a
marked limit line, but if none, before entering the
crosswalk on the near side of the intersection, or, if none,
then before entering the intersection, and shall remain
stopped until an indication to proceed is shown.
(d) Except when a sign is in place prohibiting a turn, an
operator of a bicycle, after stopping as required by
subdivision (c), facing a steady red bicycle signal, may turn
right, or turn left from a one-way street onto a one-way
street. An operator of a bicycle making a turn shall yield
the right-of-way to pedestrians lawfully within an adjacent
crosswalk and to traffic lawfully using the intersection.
(e) A bicycle signal may be used only at those locations
that meet geometric standards or traffic volume standards,
or both, as adopted by the Department of Transportation.
light is used in a traffic signal or with a traffic sign, it shall
require obedience by drivers as follows:
(a) Flashing red (stop signal): When a red lens is
illuminated with rapid intermittent flashes, a driver shall
stop at a clearly marked limit line, but if none, before
entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection,
or if none, then at the point nearest the intersecting
roadway where the driver has a view of approaching traffic
on the intersecting roadway before entering it, and the
driver may proceed subject to the rules applicable after
making a stop at a stop sign.
(b) Flashing yellow (caution signal): When a yellow lens is
illuminated with rapid intermittent flashes, a driver may
proceed through the intersection or past the signal only
with caution.
regulations and indicate them by the use of paint upon
curbs, the following colors only shall be used, and the
colors indicate as follows:
(1) Red indicates no stopping, standing, or parking,
whether the vehicle is attended or unattended, except that
a bus may stop in a red zone marked or signposted as a
bus loading zone.
(2) Yellow indicates stopping only for the purpose of
loading or unloading passengers or freight for the time as
may be specified by local ordinance.
(3) White indicates stopping for either of the following
purposes:
(A) Loading or unloading of passengers for the time as may
be specified by local ordinance.
(B) Depositing mail in an adjacent mailbox.
(4) Green indicates time limit parking specified by local
ordinance.
(5) Blue indicates parking limited exclusively to the
vehicles of disabled persons and disabled veterans.
(b) Regulations adopted pursuant to subdivision (a) shall
be effective on days and during hours or times as
prescribed by local ordinances.
state highways and a local authority with respect to
highways under its jurisdiction, is authorized to place and
maintain upon highways distinctive roadway markings as
described and with the effect set forth in Section 21460.
(b) The distinctive roadway markings shall be employed to
designate any portion of a highway where the volume of
traffic or the vertical or other curvature of the roadway
renders it hazardous to drive on the left side of the
marking or to indicate no driving to the left as provided in
Section 21460, and shall not be employed for any other
purpose.
(c) Any pavement marking other than as described in this
section placed by the Department of Transportation or any
local authority shall not be effective to indicate no driving
over or to the left of the marking.
no person driving a vehicle shall drive to the left thereof,
except as permitted in this section.
(b) When the double parallel lines, one of which is broken,
are in place, no person driving a vehicle shall drive to the
left thereof, except as follows:
(1) That the driver on that side of the roadway in which
the broken line is in place may cross over the double line
or drive to the left thereof when overtaking or passing
other vehicles.
(2) As provided in Section 21460.5.
(c) Either of the markings as specified in subdivision (a) or
(b) does not prohibit a driver from crossing the marking
when (1) turning to the left at any intersection or into or
out of a driveway or private road, or (2) making a U-turn
under the rules governing that turn, and either of the
markings shall be disregarded when authorized signs have
been erected designating off center traffic lanes as
permitted under Section 21657.
(d) Raised pavement markers may be used to simulate
painted lines described in this section when the markers
are placed in accordance with standards established by the
Department of Transportation.
authorities in their respective jurisdictions may designate a
two-way left-turn lane on a highway. A two-way left-turn
lane is a lane near the center of the highway set aside for
use by vehicles making left turns in both directions from or
into the highway.
(b) Two-way left-turn lanes shall be designated by
distinctive roadway markings consisting of parallel double
yellow lines, interior line dashed and exterior line solid, on
each side of the lane. The Department of Transportation
may determine and prescribe standards and specifications
governing length, width, and positioning of the distinctive
pavement markings. All pavement markings designating a
two-way left-turn lane shall conform to the Department of
Transportation's standards and specifications.
(c) A vehicle shall not be driven in a designated two-way
left-turn lane except when preparing for or making a left
turn from or into a highway or when preparing for or
making a U-turn when otherwise permitted by law, and
shall not be driven in that lane for more than 200 feet
while preparing for and making the turn or while preparing
to merge into the adjacent lanes of travel. A left turn or U-
turn shall not be made from any other lane where a two-
way left-turn lane has been designated.
(d) This section does not prohibit driving across a two-way
left-turn lane.
(e) Raised pavement markers may be used to simulate the
painted lines described in this section when those markers
are placed in accordance with standards established by the
Department of Transportation.
obey a sign or signal defined as regulatory in the federal
Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices, or a
Department of Transportation approved supplement to that
manual of a regulatory nature erected or maintained to
enhance traffic safety and operations or to indicate and
carry out the provisions of this code or a local traffic
ordinance or resolution adopted pursuant to a local traffic
ordinance, or to fail to obey a device erected or maintained
by lawful authority of a public body or official.
(b) Subdivision (a) does not apply to acts constituting
violations under Chapter 9 (commencing with Section
22500) of this division or to acts constituting violations of a
local traffic ordinance adopted pursuant to Chapter 9
(commencing with Section 22500).
obey any sign or signal erected or maintained to indicate or
carry out the provisions of this code or any local traffic
ordinance or resolution adopted pursuant to a local traffic
ordinance, or to fail to obey any device erected or
maintained pursuant to Section 21352.
any animal, any pedestrian, and the motorman of any
streetcar shall obey the instructions of any official traffic
signal applicable to him and placed as provided by law,
unless otherwise directed by a police or traffic officer or
when it is necessary for the purpose of avoiding a collision
or in case of other emergency, subject to the exemptions
granted by Section 21055.
actuated signal other than for the purpose of permitting a
pedestrian or vehicle to cross a roadway.
deface, injure, attach any material or substance to, knock
down, or remove, nor may a person shoot at, any official
traffic control device, traffic guidepost, traffic signpost,
motorist call box, or historical marker placed or erected as
authorized or required by law, nor may a person without
lawful authority deface, injure, attach any material or
substance to, or remove, nor may a person shoot at, any
inscription, shield, or insignia on any device, guide, or
marker.
(b) A person may not use, and a vehicle, other than an
authorized emergency vehicle or a public transit passenger
vehicle, may not be equipped with, any device, including,
but not limited to, a mobile infrared transmitter, that is
capable of sending a signal that interrupts or changes the
sequence patterns of an official traffic control signal unless
that device or use is authorized by the Department of
Transportation pursuant to Section 21350 or by local
authorities pursuant to Section 21351.
(c) A person may not buy, possess, manufacture, install,
sell, offer for sale, or otherwise distribute a device
described in subdivision (b), including, but not limited to, a
mobile infrared transmitter (MIRT), unless the purchase,
possession, manufacture, installation, sale, offer for sale,
or distribution is for the use of the device by a peace officer
or other person authorized to operate an authorized
emergency vehicle or a public transit passenger vehicle, in
the scope of his or her duties.
(d) Any willful violation of subdivision (a), (b), or (c) that
results in injury to, or the death of, a person is punishable
by imprisonment in the state prison, or by imprisonment in
a county jail for a period of not more than six months, and
by a fine of not less than five thousand dollars ($5,000)
nor more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000).
(e) Any willful violation of subdivision (a), (b), or (c) that
does not result in injury to, or the death of, a person is
punishable by a fine of not more than five thousand dollars
($5,000).
(f) The court shall allow the offender to perform community
service designated by the court in lieu of all or part of any
fine imposed under this section.
or in view of, any highway any unofficial sign, signal,
device, or marking, or any sign, signal, device, or marking
which purports to be or is an imitation of, or resembles, an
official traffic control device or which attempts to direct the
movement of traffic or which hides from view any official
traffic control device.
or in view of any highway any light in such position as to
prevent the driver of a vehicle from readily recognizing any
official traffic control device.
upon or in view of any highway, any light of any color of
such brilliance as to impair the vision of drivers upon the
highway. A light source shall be considered vision
impairing when its brilliance exceeds the values listed
below.
The brightness reading of an objectionable light source
shall be measured with a 11/2-degree photoelectric
brightness meter placed at the driver's point of view. The
maximum measured brightness of the light source within
10 degrees from the driver's normal line of sight shall not
be more than 1,000 times the minimum measured
brightness in the driver's field of view, except that when
the minimum measured brightness in the field of view is 10
foot-lamberts or less, the measured brightness of the light
source in foot-lambert shall not exceed 500 plus 100 times
the angle, in degrees, between the driver's line of sight and
the light source. The provisions of this section shall not
apply to railroads as defined in Section 229 of the Public
Utilities Code.
public nuisance, and the Department of Transportation,
members of the California Highway Patrol, and local
authorities are hereby authorized and empowered without
notice to remove the same, or cause the same to be
removed, or the Director of Transportation, the
commissioner, or local authorities may bring an action as
provided by law to abate such nuisance.
of the Public Utilities Commission to erect or maintain, or
cause to be erected and maintained, signs, signals or other
traffic control devices as authorized by law.
working on dismissing your traffic ticket. One of our
associates will contact you if we need any additional
information.
traffic ticket, DO NOT WAIT SIGN UP NOW to give us as
much time as possible to collect all the necessary
information and prepare a winning document for you.
The California Vehicle Code sections that are relevant to
red light tickets are listed below:
control signals showing different colored lights, color-
lighted arrows, or color-lighted bicycle symbols,
successively, one at a time, or in combination, only the
colors green, yellow, and red shall be used, except for
pedestrian control signals, and those lights shall indicate
and apply to drivers of vehicles, operators of bicycles, and
pedestrians as provided in this chapter.
control signal, as specified in Section 445, that displays
one or more of its indications in response to the presence
of traffic detected by mechanical, visual, electrical, or other
means.
(b) Upon the first placement of a traffic-actuated signal or
replacement of the loop detector of a traffic-actuated
signal, the traffic-actuated signal shall, to the extent
feasible and in conformance with professional traffic
engineering practice, be installed and maintained so as to
detect lawful bicycle or motorcycle traffic on the roadway.
(c) Cities, counties, and cities and counties shall not be
required to comply with the provisions contained in
subdivision (b) until the Department of Transportation, in
consultation with these entities, has established uniform
standards, specifications, and guidelines for the detection
of bicycles and motorcycles by traffic-actuated signals and
related signal timing.
(d) This section shall remain in effect only until January 1,
2018, and as of that date is repealed, unless a later
enacted statute, that is enacted before January 1, 2018,
deletes or extends that date.
proceed straight through or turn right or left or make a U-
turn unless a sign prohibits a U-turn. Any driver, including
one turning, shall yield the right-of-way to other traffic and
to pedestrians lawfully within the intersection or an
adjacent crosswalk.
(b) A driver facing a green arrow signal, shown alone or in
combination with another indication, shall enter the
intersection only to make the movement indicated by that
green arrow or any other movement that is permitted by
other indications shown at the same time. A driver facing
a left green arrow may also make a U-turn unless
prohibited by a sign. A driver shall yield the right-of-way
to other traffic and to pedestrians lawfully within the
intersection or an adjacent crosswalk.
(c) A pedestrian facing a circular green signal, unless
prohibited by sign or otherwise directed by a pedestrian
control signal as provided in Section 21456, may proceed
across the roadway within any marked or unmarked
crosswalk, but shall yield the right-of-way to vehicles
lawfully within the intersection at the time that signal is
first shown.
(d) A pedestrian facing a green arrow turn signal, unless
otherwise directed by a pedestrian control signal as
provided in Section 21456, shall not enter the roadway.
yellow arrow signal is, by that signal, warned that the
related green movement is ending or that a red indication
will be shown immediately thereafter.
(b) A pedestrian facing a steady circular yellow or a yellow
arrow signal, unless otherwise directed by a pedestrian
control signal as provided in Section 21456, is, by that
signal, warned that there is insufficient time to cross the
roadway and shall not enter the roadway.
alone shall stop at a marked limit line, but if none, before
entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection
or, if none, then before entering the intersection, and shall
remain stopped until an indication to proceed is shown,
except as provided in subdivision (b).
(b) Except when a sign is in place prohibiting a turn, a
driver, after stopping as required by subdivision (a), facing
a steady circular red signal, may turn right, or turn left
from a one-way street onto a one-way street. A driver
making that turn shall yield the right-of-way to pedestrians
lawfully within an adjacent crosswalk and to any vehicle
that has approached or is approaching so closely as to
constitute an immediate hazard to the driver, and shall
continue to yield the right-of-way to that vehicle until the
driver can proceed with reasonable safety.
(c) A driver facing a steady red arrow signal shall not enter
the intersection to make the movement indicated by the
arrow and, unless entering the intersection to make a
movement permitted by another signal, shall stop at a
clearly marked limit line, but if none, before entering the
crosswalk on the near side of the intersection, or if none,
then before entering the intersection, and shall remain
stopped until an indication permitting movement is shown.
(d) Unless otherwise directed by a pedestrian control signal
as provided in Section 21456, a pedestrian facing a steady
circular red or red arrow signal shall not enter the roadway.
individual lanes, those signals shall indicate and apply to
drivers of vehicles as follows:
(a) Green indication: A driver may travel in any lane over
which a green signal is shown.
(b) Steady yellow indication: A driver is thereby warned
that a lane control change is being made.
(c) Steady red indication: A driver shall not enter or travel
in any lane over which a red signal is shown.
(d) Flashing yellow indication: A driver may use the lane
only for the purpose of making a left turn to or from the
highway.
and maintained at a place other than an intersection, the
provisions of this article shall be applicable except those
provisions which by their nature can have no application.
Any stop required shall be made at a sign or crosswalk or
limit line indicating where the stop shall be made, but in
the absence of any such sign or marking the stop shall be
made at the signal.
designated in Section 21455, where a driver is required to
stop, may be equipped with an automated enforcement
system if the governmental agency utilizing the system
meets all of the following requirements:
system's presence and are visible to traffic approaching
from all directions, or posts signs at all major entrances to
the city, including, at a minimum, freeways, bridges, and
state highway routes.
that the system meets the criteria specified in Section
21455.7.
(b) Prior to issuing citations under this section, a local
jurisdiction utilizing an automated traffic enforcement
system shall commence a program to issue only warning
notices for 30 days. The local jurisdiction shall also make a
public announcement of the automated traffic enforcement
system at least 30 days prior to the commencement of the
enforcement program.
(c) Only a governmental agency, in cooperation with a law
enforcement agency, may operate an automated
enforcement system. As used in this subdivision, "operate"
includes all of the following activities:
(1) Developing uniform guidelines for screening and issuing
violations and for the processing and storage of confidential
information, and establishing procedures to ensure
compliance with those guidelines.
(2) Performing administrative functions and day-to-day
functions, including, but not limited to, all of the following:
(A) Establishing guidelines for selection of location.
(B) Ensuring that the equipment is regularly inspected.
(C) Certifying that the equipment is properly installed and
calibrated, and is operating properly.
(D) Regularly inspecting and maintaining warning signs
placed under paragraph (1) of subdivision (a).
(E) Overseeing the establishment or change of signal
phases and the timing thereof.
(F) Maintaining controls necessary to assure that only
those citations that have been reviewed and approved by
law enforcement are delivered to violators.
(d) The activities listed in subdivision (c) that relate to the
operation of the system may be contracted out by the
governmental agency, if it maintains overall control and
supervision of the system. However, the activities listed in
paragraph (1) of, and subparagraphs (A), (D), (E), and (F)
of paragraph (2) of, subdivision (c) may not be contracted
out to the manufacturer or supplier of the automated
enforcement system.
(e) (1) Notwithstanding Section 6253 of the Government
Code, or any other provision of law, photographic records
made by an automated enforcement system shall be
confidential, and shall be made available only to
governmental agencies and law enforcement agencies and
only for the purposes of this article.
(2) Confidential information obtained from the Department
of Motor Vehicles for the administration or enforcement of
this article shall be held confidential, and may not be used
for any other purpose.
(3) Except for court records described in Section 68152 of
the Government Code, the confidential records and
information described in paragraphs (1) and (2) may be
retained for up to six months from the date the information
was first obtained, or until final disposition of the citation,
whichever date is later, after which time the information
shall be destroyed in a manner that will preserve the
confidentiality of any person included in the record or
information.
(f) Notwithstanding subdivision (d), the registered owner or
any individual identified by the registered owner as the
driver of the vehicle at the time of the alleged violation
shall be permitted to review the photographic evidence of
the alleged violation.
(g) (1) A contract between a governmental agency and a
manufacturer or supplier of automated enforcement
equipment may not include provision for the payment or
compensation to the manufacturer or supplier based on the
number of citations generated, or as a percentage of the
revenue generated, as a result of the use of the equipment
authorized under this section.
(2) Paragraph (1) does not apply to a contract that was
entered into by a governmental agency and a
manufacturer or supplier of automated enforcement
equipment before January 1, 2004, unless that contract is
renewed, extended, or amended on or after January 1,
- 2004.
shall conduct a public hearing on the proposed use of an
automated enforcement system authorized under Section
21455.5 prior to authorizing the city or county to enter
into a contract for the use of the system.
(b) (1) The activities listed in subdivision (c) of Section
21455.5 that relate to the operation of an automated
enforcement system may be contracted out by the city or
county, except that the activities listed in paragraph (1) of,
and sub paragraphs (A), (D),
(E), or (F) of paragraph (2) of, subdivision (c) of Section
21455.5 may not be contracted out to the manufacturer or
supplier of the automated enforcement system.
(2) Paragraph (1) does not apply to a contract that was
entered into by a city or county and a manufacturer or
supplier of automated enforcement equipment before
January 1, 2004, unless that contract is renewed,
extended, or amended on or after January 1, 2004.
(c) The authorization in Section 21455.5 to use automated
enforcement systems does not authorize the use of photo
radar for speed enforcement purposes by any jurisdiction.
automated enforcement system in operation, the minimum
yellow light change interval shall be established in
accordance with the Traffic Manual of the Department of
Transportation.
(b) For purposes of subdivision (a), the minimum yellow
light change intervals relating to designated approach
speeds provided in the Traffic Manual of the Department of
Transportation are mandatory minimum yellow light
intervals.
(c) A yellow light change interval may exceed the minimum
interval established pursuant to subdivision (a).
words "WALK" or "WAIT" or "DON'T WALK" or other
approved symbol is in place, the signal shall indicate as
follows:
(a) "WALK" or approved "Walking Person" symbol. A
pedestrian facing the signal may proceed across the
roadway in the direction of the signal, but shall yield the
right-of-way to vehicles lawfully within the intersection at
the time that signal is first shown.
(b) Flashing or steady "DON'T WALK" or "WAIT" or
approved "Upraised Hand" symbol. No pedestrian shall
start to cross the roadway in the direction of the signal, but
any pedestrian who has partially completed crossing shall
proceed to a sidewalk or safety zone or otherwise leave the
roadway while the "WAIT" or "DON'T WALK" or approved
"Upraised Hand" symbol is showing.
exhibiting an approved "Walking Person" symbol, an
approved "Upraised Hand" symbol, or the words "WALK" or
"WAIT" or "DON'T WALK" is shown concurrently with official
traffic control signals exhibiting the words "GO" or
"CAUTION" or "STOP" or exhibiting different colored lights
successively, one at a time or with arrows, a pedestrian
facing those traffic control signals shall obey the "Walking
Person," "Upraised Hand," "WALK" or "WAIT" or "DON'T
WALK" control signal as provided in Section 21456.
as provided in Section 21456.3, an operator of a bicycle
shall obey the provisions of this article applicable to the
driver of a vehicle.
(b) Whenever an official traffic control signal exhibiting
different colored bicycle symbols is shown concurrently
with official traffic control signals exhibiting different
colored lights or arrows, an operator of a bicycle facing
those traffic control signals shall obey the bicycle signals as
provided in Section 21456.3.
signal shall proceed straight through or turn right or left or
make a U-turn unless a sign prohibits a U-turn. An
operator of a bicycle, including one turning, shall yield the
right-of-way to other traffic and to pedestrians lawfully
within the intersection or an adjacent crosswalk.
(b) An operator of a bicycle facing a steady yellow bicycle
signal is, by that signal, warned that the related green
movement is ending or that a red indication will be shown
immediately thereafter.
(c) Except as provided in subdivision (d), an operator of a
bicycle facing a steady red bicycle signal shall stop at a
marked limit line, but if none, before entering the
crosswalk on the near side of the intersection, or, if none,
then before entering the intersection, and shall remain
stopped until an indication to proceed is shown.
(d) Except when a sign is in place prohibiting a turn, an
operator of a bicycle, after stopping as required by
subdivision (c), facing a steady red bicycle signal, may turn
right, or turn left from a one-way street onto a one-way
street. An operator of a bicycle making a turn shall yield
the right-of-way to pedestrians lawfully within an adjacent
crosswalk and to traffic lawfully using the intersection.
(e) A bicycle signal may be used only at those locations
that meet geometric standards or traffic volume standards,
or both, as adopted by the Department of Transportation.
light is used in a traffic signal or with a traffic sign, it shall
require obedience by drivers as follows:
(a) Flashing red (stop signal): When a red lens is
illuminated with rapid intermittent flashes, a driver shall
stop at a clearly marked limit line, but if none, before
entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection,
or if none, then at the point nearest the intersecting
roadway where the driver has a view of approaching traffic
on the intersecting roadway before entering it, and the
driver may proceed subject to the rules applicable after
making a stop at a stop sign.
(b) Flashing yellow (caution signal): When a yellow lens is
illuminated with rapid intermittent flashes, a driver may
proceed through the intersection or past the signal only
with caution.
regulations and indicate them by the use of paint upon
curbs, the following colors only shall be used, and the
colors indicate as follows:
(1) Red indicates no stopping, standing, or parking,
whether the vehicle is attended or unattended, except that
a bus may stop in a red zone marked or signposted as a
bus loading zone.
(2) Yellow indicates stopping only for the purpose of
loading or unloading passengers or freight for the time as
may be specified by local ordinance.
(3) White indicates stopping for either of the following
purposes:
(A) Loading or unloading of passengers for the time as may
be specified by local ordinance.
(B) Depositing mail in an adjacent mailbox.
(4) Green indicates time limit parking specified by local
ordinance.
(5) Blue indicates parking limited exclusively to the
vehicles of disabled persons and disabled veterans.
(b) Regulations adopted pursuant to subdivision (a) shall
be effective on days and during hours or times as
prescribed by local ordinances.
state highways and a local authority with respect to
highways under its jurisdiction, is authorized to place and
maintain upon highways distinctive roadway markings as
described and with the effect set forth in Section 21460.
(b) The distinctive roadway markings shall be employed to
designate any portion of a highway where the volume of
traffic or the vertical or other curvature of the roadway
renders it hazardous to drive on the left side of the
marking or to indicate no driving to the left as provided in
Section 21460, and shall not be employed for any other
purpose.
(c) Any pavement marking other than as described in this
section placed by the Department of Transportation or any
local authority shall not be effective to indicate no driving
over or to the left of the marking.
no person driving a vehicle shall drive to the left thereof,
except as permitted in this section.
(b) When the double parallel lines, one of which is broken,
are in place, no person driving a vehicle shall drive to the
left thereof, except as follows:
(1) That the driver on that side of the roadway in which
the broken line is in place may cross over the double line
or drive to the left thereof when overtaking or passing
other vehicles.
(2) As provided in Section 21460.5.
(c) Either of the markings as specified in subdivision (a) or
(b) does not prohibit a driver from crossing the marking
when (1) turning to the left at any intersection or into or
out of a driveway or private road, or (2) making a U-turn
under the rules governing that turn, and either of the
markings shall be disregarded when authorized signs have
been erected designating off center traffic lanes as
permitted under Section 21657.
(d) Raised pavement markers may be used to simulate
painted lines described in this section when the markers
are placed in accordance with standards established by the
Department of Transportation.
authorities in their respective jurisdictions may designate a
two-way left-turn lane on a highway. A two-way left-turn
lane is a lane near the center of the highway set aside for
use by vehicles making left turns in both directions from or
into the highway.
(b) Two-way left-turn lanes shall be designated by
distinctive roadway markings consisting of parallel double
yellow lines, interior line dashed and exterior line solid, on
each side of the lane. The Department of Transportation
may determine and prescribe standards and specifications
governing length, width, and positioning of the distinctive
pavement markings. All pavement markings designating a
two-way left-turn lane shall conform to the Department of
Transportation's standards and specifications.
(c) A vehicle shall not be driven in a designated two-way
left-turn lane except when preparing for or making a left
turn from or into a highway or when preparing for or
making a U-turn when otherwise permitted by law, and
shall not be driven in that lane for more than 200 feet
while preparing for and making the turn or while preparing
to merge into the adjacent lanes of travel. A left turn or U-
turn shall not be made from any other lane where a two-
way left-turn lane has been designated.
(d) This section does not prohibit driving across a two-way
left-turn lane.
(e) Raised pavement markers may be used to simulate the
painted lines described in this section when those markers
are placed in accordance with standards established by the
Department of Transportation.
obey a sign or signal defined as regulatory in the federal
Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices, or a
Department of Transportation approved supplement to that
manual of a regulatory nature erected or maintained to
enhance traffic safety and operations or to indicate and
carry out the provisions of this code or a local traffic
ordinance or resolution adopted pursuant to a local traffic
ordinance, or to fail to obey a device erected or maintained
by lawful authority of a public body or official.
(b) Subdivision (a) does not apply to acts constituting
violations under Chapter 9 (commencing with Section
22500) of this division or to acts constituting violations of a
local traffic ordinance adopted pursuant to Chapter 9
(commencing with Section 22500).
obey any sign or signal erected or maintained to indicate or
carry out the provisions of this code or any local traffic
ordinance or resolution adopted pursuant to a local traffic
ordinance, or to fail to obey any device erected or
maintained pursuant to Section 21352.
any animal, any pedestrian, and the motorman of any
streetcar shall obey the instructions of any official traffic
signal applicable to him and placed as provided by law,
unless otherwise directed by a police or traffic officer or
when it is necessary for the purpose of avoiding a collision
or in case of other emergency, subject to the exemptions
granted by Section 21055.
actuated signal other than for the purpose of permitting a
pedestrian or vehicle to cross a roadway.
deface, injure, attach any material or substance to, knock
down, or remove, nor may a person shoot at, any official
traffic control device, traffic guidepost, traffic signpost,
motorist call box, or historical marker placed or erected as
authorized or required by law, nor may a person without
lawful authority deface, injure, attach any material or
substance to, or remove, nor may a person shoot at, any
inscription, shield, or insignia on any device, guide, or
marker.
(b) A person may not use, and a vehicle, other than an
authorized emergency vehicle or a public transit passenger
vehicle, may not be equipped with, any device, including,
but not limited to, a mobile infrared transmitter, that is
capable of sending a signal that interrupts or changes the
sequence patterns of an official traffic control signal unless
that device or use is authorized by the Department of
Transportation pursuant to Section 21350 or by local
authorities pursuant to Section 21351.
(c) A person may not buy, possess, manufacture, install,
sell, offer for sale, or otherwise distribute a device
described in subdivision (b), including, but not limited to, a
mobile infrared transmitter (MIRT), unless the purchase,
possession, manufacture, installation, sale, offer for sale,
or distribution is for the use of the device by a peace officer
or other person authorized to operate an authorized
emergency vehicle or a public transit passenger vehicle, in
the scope of his or her duties.
(d) Any willful violation of subdivision (a), (b), or (c) that
results in injury to, or the death of, a person is punishable
by imprisonment in the state prison, or by imprisonment in
a county jail for a period of not more than six months, and
by a fine of not less than five thousand dollars ($5,000)
nor more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000).
(e) Any willful violation of subdivision (a), (b), or (c) that
does not result in injury to, or the death of, a person is
punishable by a fine of not more than five thousand dollars
($5,000).
(f) The court shall allow the offender to perform community
service designated by the court in lieu of all or part of any
fine imposed under this section.
or in view of, any highway any unofficial sign, signal,
device, or marking, or any sign, signal, device, or marking
which purports to be or is an imitation of, or resembles, an
official traffic control device or which attempts to direct the
movement of traffic or which hides from view any official
traffic control device.
or in view of any highway any light in such position as to
prevent the driver of a vehicle from readily recognizing any
official traffic control device.
upon or in view of any highway, any light of any color of
such brilliance as to impair the vision of drivers upon the
highway. A light source shall be considered vision
impairing when its brilliance exceeds the values listed
below.
The brightness reading of an objectionable light source
shall be measured with a 11/2-degree photoelectric
brightness meter placed at the driver's point of view. The
maximum measured brightness of the light source within
10 degrees from the driver's normal line of sight shall not
be more than 1,000 times the minimum measured
brightness in the driver's field of view, except that when
the minimum measured brightness in the field of view is 10
foot-lamberts or less, the measured brightness of the light
source in foot-lambert shall not exceed 500 plus 100 times
the angle, in degrees, between the driver's line of sight and
the light source. The provisions of this section shall not
apply to railroads as defined in Section 229 of the Public
Utilities Code.
public nuisance, and the Department of Transportation,
members of the California Highway Patrol, and local
authorities are hereby authorized and empowered without
notice to remove the same, or cause the same to be
removed, or the Director of Transportation, the
commissioner, or local authorities may bring an action as
provided by law to abate such nuisance.
of the Public Utilities Commission to erect or maintain, or
cause to be erected and maintained, signs, signals or other
traffic control devices as authorized by law.
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| 2 FIX YOUR TRAFFIC TICKET WE STRIVE FOR JUSTICE & FAIRNESS FOR ALL |
There are two types of red light tickets in California. 1-The
regular red light ticket where an officer observes a
driver enter the intersection when the traffic light is red in
the direction that the driver is traveling. 2- Red light
camera ticket that is issued based on evidence collected
by a camera installed at the intersection. The camera takes
the picture of the driver, the vehicle approaching and
entering the intersection when the light is red, and a
picture of the vehicle’s license plate.
Regardless of the way the evidence is collected, if a driver
enters the intersection when the light is red, the driver is
in violation of California Vehicle Code Section 21453.
The technical factors that affect the traffic signal at an
intersection could play a vital role on a driver’s behavior
when approaching a signalized intersection. If the traffic
signal is not properly installed per design standards, then it
is likely that a driver may enter the intersection during the
red light without the intention to do so. This is where a
detailed knowledge of traffic signal operating standards
could be vital in beating a red light ticket in traffic court.
For red light citations, you will be able to defend against a
charge by pointing out that there was a problem with the
traffic signal regulating driver conduct, or some other
technical issue that renders the charge against you invalid.
Virtually every jurisdiction is subject to stringent
regulations for traffic signal design and sign installation.
Violations of those regulations can provide a defense to a
traffic violation.
For red light camera tickets, if you were not the driver of
the vehicle at the time of the offense, then you are not
responsible for the citation. The red light camera citation is
intended for the driver of the vehicle not the registered
owner. However, the traffic citation is mailed to the
registered owner of the vehicle. If you were not the driver
during the violation, all you have to do is to complete a
form of non-responsibility and mail it to the issuing agency
as directed on the traffic citation. However, you must
identify the driver by providing the driver’s name, address
etc.
If you were the driver of the vehicle and your face appears
clearly in the photo, then you would need to look at the
same detailed traffic signal related standards, as in the
regular red light tickets, that should have been used in the
installation of the traffic signal.
However, for the layperson to analyze the traffic signal
operation at an intersection could be at a minimum
extremely challenging to impossible. Our experts have
years of experience in traffic signal design. They will
review the traffic signal operation at the specific
intersection where the citation was issued to you and
prepare a document citing specific standards and codes
that would help dismiss your citation.
Please review a few of our authenticated testimonials by
our past clients for red light cases by clicking on the green
check marks below or on our Testimonials page:
For your convenience, we have created an easy sign-up
process that would take you less than 10 minutes to
complete and we will take it from there. The total cost of
our service is $189 Flat Fee. There are no hidden charges
or add ons whatsoever. To sign up for our service:
regular red light ticket where an officer observes a
driver enter the intersection when the traffic light is red in
the direction that the driver is traveling. 2- Red light
camera ticket that is issued based on evidence collected
by a camera installed at the intersection. The camera takes
the picture of the driver, the vehicle approaching and
entering the intersection when the light is red, and a
picture of the vehicle’s license plate.
Regardless of the way the evidence is collected, if a driver
enters the intersection when the light is red, the driver is
in violation of California Vehicle Code Section 21453.
The technical factors that affect the traffic signal at an
intersection could play a vital role on a driver’s behavior
when approaching a signalized intersection. If the traffic
signal is not properly installed per design standards, then it
is likely that a driver may enter the intersection during the
red light without the intention to do so. This is where a
detailed knowledge of traffic signal operating standards
could be vital in beating a red light ticket in traffic court.
For red light citations, you will be able to defend against a
charge by pointing out that there was a problem with the
traffic signal regulating driver conduct, or some other
technical issue that renders the charge against you invalid.
Virtually every jurisdiction is subject to stringent
regulations for traffic signal design and sign installation.
Violations of those regulations can provide a defense to a
traffic violation.
For red light camera tickets, if you were not the driver of
the vehicle at the time of the offense, then you are not
responsible for the citation. The red light camera citation is
intended for the driver of the vehicle not the registered
owner. However, the traffic citation is mailed to the
registered owner of the vehicle. If you were not the driver
during the violation, all you have to do is to complete a
form of non-responsibility and mail it to the issuing agency
as directed on the traffic citation. However, you must
identify the driver by providing the driver’s name, address
etc.
If you were the driver of the vehicle and your face appears
clearly in the photo, then you would need to look at the
same detailed traffic signal related standards, as in the
regular red light tickets, that should have been used in the
installation of the traffic signal.
However, for the layperson to analyze the traffic signal
operation at an intersection could be at a minimum
extremely challenging to impossible. Our experts have
years of experience in traffic signal design. They will
review the traffic signal operation at the specific
intersection where the citation was issued to you and
prepare a document citing specific standards and codes
that would help dismiss your citation.
Please review a few of our authenticated testimonials by
our past clients for red light cases by clicking on the green
check marks below or on our Testimonials page:
For your convenience, we have created an easy sign-up
process that would take you less than 10 minutes to
complete and we will take it from there. The total cost of
our service is $189 Flat Fee. There are no hidden charges
or add ons whatsoever. To sign up for our service:
- Click on "Fight My Traffic Ticket" button below
- Select your method of payment, all major credit cards
accepted - Complete the requested information
- Scan & E-mail or fax a legible copy of your citation and
any other documents that you may have received from
the court to us ASAP
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